Steam-plow.



P. vioLATLTEscnL Patnted Nov. 3, 1908.

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I'. VIOLATI-TESGARI.

STEAM PLOW.

APPLIUATION FILED ML2?, 1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

6) Witness@ a F. VIOLATI-TESGARI.

VSTEAM PLOW. APPLIUATION rum un. 21. 1907.

903,032. Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

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' STEAM PLOW.

APPLIOATIDN FILED 1.23.27, 1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

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(Qn/uc nto@ Guam/w11] s' @Jima/awo STEAM-PLOW.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 8, 1908.

Application filed April 27, 1907. Serial No. 870,688.

To all whom it may concern Bc it known that l, FEDERICO Vioi..i'ri-`Tascam, farmer, subjectof th King of Italy, residing at Ai-inno,Polosinc, Italy, No. .2 Via. Umberto 10, have invented new and usefulImprovements in. SteanrPlows, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in steam plows, and the object of'my invention is to provide simple means for plowing land by Spower.

-team plows operated directly or indirectly by traction have hithertobeen used, but some, at least the systems employed required verypowerful, heavy and expensive ii'iaeliinery. In said s stems a gang ofplows was usually used, w` ich system was oper-1..

to the objections thattlie ground was often Limes noi thoroughly plowed,the plows were liable io become clogged up with grass and stubble, andcould only be operated very slowly. Furthermore such .systems weredifficult to operate, more especially on account of the diiliculty inturning and required heavy and expensive special machinery.

Many farmers have at their disposal a portable .steam engine of six or'eight horse power, more especially used in harvest time, while for theremainder of the year it ie mainsl inactive.

The object of the present invention is to provide a light and cheapsystem of nicchanical plowing, using engines which many farmers alreadyhave, the special feature being that it can be worked continuously, asno time is lost in turning at the end of the furrow.

With the objects stated in view, my invention consists in theconstruction and com* hinations of parts as hereinafter described andclaimed. 'l

In the accompanying dinnings-Figure l is a diagrammatic view' of theentire system. Fig. 2 is an end view. partly in soc tion, of the trut-lrcarrying' the plows. liig. i is a .side View of the same, Apartly insection. Fig. 4 is a plan 'view of the truck, parts being broken away.Figs. 5 and 6 are enlag` ed views showing details of the truck.l1`igf1gi is a side view ol the Windlass and supporting frame. Fig. isan end view of the same. Fig. 9 is a brolren top plan View of the saine.Fig. l is a cross sec- `tional View, showing the operating pulleys andconnections. Fin. ll is a cross :section vt the Winding: lz-ams. 3.1"4.l :i '-:iilc of the brake operating,r and belt shifting mech anism. Fig.413 is a pers )ective View, on an enlarged scale, of one o the rope orcable holders, and Fig. 14 is a top plan View of one of theguidingpulleys.

Referring to Fig. 1, a represents the engine which is connected by abelt b with the winding mechanism c, from which runs the continuonscable d over the pulleys e, f, g, In, supported in proper relation inthe field tot,t be plowed by means of the ordinary1 braced supports,such as i'. j represents t e truck carrying the lows. This truckconsists of a rectangular rame composed of the parts k, m, n and ofirmly united together. Pivot- :illy mounted in the .top c and thebottom n oi" this'frame, is the rotatable shaft p, which carries theplow beam. This' shaft is rovidcd near its lower end, with a gear w eelq, a rectangular portion r provided with a .rectangular recess s, :i.supporting block adjnstably fastened to the .shaft by the screw ii andthe supporting block ff) having a dome shaped top Aw on which the plowbeam rests, this plow beam beine slottcd so that it can easily more uponthe shaft p.

The truck is adjustably supported by three wheels, one large one`arranged oli 011e side of said truck and two small ones` arranged as apair on the other ,side of said truck. 'llie large wheel y is arrangedto travel in the furrow made and is adjustably secured on its shaft l,which is screw-threaded and is held in any desired position upon saidshaft by nutsg. The shaft 1 is, at its inner end bent upward, as shownat 3, and is provided with clips 4 and encircles the side mof the frame.

Attached to the `upper end of the part 3 is a screw which passes througha screw` threaded opening in the side k of the frame, and this lscrew.is provided with a hand wheel t5 at its upper extremity, by themovement of which hand .vlieel. the `wheel y .may Ibe moved up and downto vary the depth o'll the furrow. 1

(.)pposte the wheel r/ is a frame 7 adjustably secured by means ofclips, such as 8, to', the sido o of the frame. The rame 'Iis providedwith horizontally extendin axles, such as 0, on which are mounted tiesmall wheels l0; To one ot' the clips 8 is pivotally attached a screwrod 11. terminating in a hand wheel 1&2, which rod passes t-hrou h a:arrow-tlirefnlwi opening in the part o' .the i'i'afn'h. 0in ioiisly byturning the hand above the wheels is a third platform 15, which latteris merely used to enable the fili erlltorto step from one of theplatforms on the beam to the other.

The plow beam as shown, is arranged to tilt 'freely upon the shaft k,and it is provided near each end with a plow share 16 a nd a cuttingknife 17, of any desired or preferred type.

Seats 1S and 19 for the driver are pivotally mounted in the plow beamand the supporting standards 20 and 21 of these seats pass through theplow beams, being Ypivoted thereon by pins, auch as 22. The

lower ends of these arms are connected to links ,23 and 24, the innerends of which are pivotally connected to an annular bracket 25 which isarranged to fit in the recess 26 in the block c. Obviously from theconstruction described, as the plow beam moves ,u

und down the seats 18 and 19 will be tilte for a purposehereinafterexplained.

27 represents a rod passing down through a perforation in the part la,and having its lower end pivotally mounted in the part n of the frame.vThis rod is provided with a4 large hand wheel 28 at its top and with agear pinion 29 near its lower end, which gear wheel meshes with theIrear wheel g on the shaft p. Obviously by the movement 0f the wheel E28the shaft la will be moved and will carry with it the plow beam, thusvarying the draft upon the plow and regulating the width of the furrowcut.

Attached to the upper edge of the part lc of the frame, are springs B0and 31, and attached to the plow beam' is a curved brace -32 whichpasses between said springs, thetendency ofwhich is to prevent vibrationof the plow beam and to always return the parts into the position shown1n Fig. 2.

The cable d Vis not attached directly to the plowbeam, but indirectlythereto, by the following means. The end of this cable is Lattached toasecuring device 33, shown on un enlarged'lscale in Fig. 13. -From thisdevicej a c ain 34 leads, w`hich is attached to one end of an arm 35 ofa deviator, the other arm 36 of which is bent at an angle thereto, thetwo arms being united together by a brace .T7 forpurpose of givingadditional s ren h @rl the structure. The 'other nd tof `the anni 36 isfastened to a block 3S ca Tied on one end of a rectangular bar 39, whichbslr is. ad apted to slide through the recess :in the projection 'r ofthe shaft p.

The bar 3i has attached to it, at its other end, a similar block 40, towhich is attached eoaoss an arm 41 of the other draft device, tu whichthe other end of the cable d is secured, the construction being the sameat each end of the truck. To the block 38 are attached two chains 42'and43 which run up to, and are engaged byboolrs on the platform 14.Si1nilarly two chains 44 and 45 run up from the block 40 to hooks on theplatform 13. Obviously a pull in the one direction or the other upon thecable d will first pull the`bar 39 through therejection s until one ofthe blocks on said gar strikes the part r and during this motion of thbar 89 the plow beam will be tilted 'into t e position shown in Fig. 3,for example (or the reverse position) by means" of the supporting chainsfas tened to the platform, and the seats 18 and 19 will be moved` so asnot to strike the Wheel 28.

The winding mechanism c will next be dcscribed. This mechanism ismounted upon a heavy frame composed of sides 46 and 47 and ends 48 and49. This frame is supported on wheels 50 and 51 lmounted on stub axles52 and 53 carried by the sides 46 and 47. 54 represents a pole by whichthe frame may be dragged from one'placevto another. said pole belngeasily dctachedfrom the end beam 49.

bracket carrying an adjusting screw 55 p rovided with a hand wheel 56,57 representing a support adapted to be placed. upon the ground andhavin a central depression adapted to recgive t e end of the screw rod55. To each end of thebeams 46 and 47 is attached a rectangular loop 58.

1n setting-up the winding mechanism itis dragged to the desired placewhile still mounted on the wheels 50 and 51. The pole is then removedand the frame tipped until the pole-carrying end thereof rests upon theground. The screw rod 55 1s then operated to lift the wheels 50 and 51oil of 'the ground, and thesewheels are then removed.

are firmlydriven into the ground through the loops 58, thusl anchoringthe frame firmly. i This frame carries the winding mechanism which willnow be described.

Upon'the side beams 46 and 47 are mount4 Ked approximately triangularframes 59 and 60, each of said frames being an open casthas secured toit a gear wheel 66 and the drum 64 has secured to it a gear' wheel 67,

and eachof these drums has a projecting The rod 55 is then :againoperated, lowering the Whole frame to the ground, when stakes ingcomposed of two sides and a cross piece,

cross piecesv iszthe shaft 62, on'which the On the beam 48 is mounted asupporting The winding drum" 63 is keyed directly to the shaft 62,' butthe winding drum 64 1s @new portion leaving a recess, such as 68,through which a brake strap passes. ,i

Means are provided whereby the cable, as it is wound upon one or theother of the drums 63, 64, will be evenly distributed thereon, and thesemeans are as follows On the end of the shaft 62 is mounted a beveledgear wheel 69, and on the sleeve 65 is mounted a beveled gear wheel 70.The beveled gear wheel 69 engages with the beveled gear wheel 7 l on ashaft 72 carried on brackets, such as 73, on one of the side castings,and on the other end of the shaft 72 is mounted a spur pinion 74 whichen.

Igages a spur wheel 75 also supported in' brackets on the side castings.The 'gear wheel 75 is a skeleton gear wheel, and has attached thereto alink 76, the other end of which is pivotally attached to a block 78which is arranged to slide freely upon a rod 77 held in the endcastings. The block 78 is provided with a downwardly extending' bracketcarryinq a grooved pulley 79 around which the cable passes. Theconstruction for each Vdrum is the same, although o positely arranged,so that-.only one nee be described. The cable 'passes over the pulley 79to the drum 63, and this pulley being moved slowly back and forth by themotion of the wheelI 75 the cableds properly distributed in layers uponthe drum 63. Of course, the movement of the pulley 79 along the shaft 78must be so timed that it will cause the cable to be wound up in evenlayers, and instead of the beveled gear wheels 69 and 71 other' forms oftransrnib tingr gearing might be used;

80 represents a shaft supported near the upper parts of the castin rs 59and 60, and on which the driving pulleys are mounted. On the shaft 8()is loosely mounted a hollow sleeve 81 and a gear wheel 82 which mesheswith .the gear wheel 66 on the drum 63. 0n the sleeve 81 is mounted aear wheel S3 which meshes with the gear w ieel 67 ou the drum 64. On theshaft 80 and sleeve 81 three pulleys are mounted. The outside pulley 84`1s pinned or otherwise fastened to the shaft 80,'the middle pulley 85is loosely mou'nted on the shaft 80 and the inner ulley 86 is pinned orotherwise fastened to tlie sleeve 81. The belt Z1, Fig. 1, is arrangedto engage with one of these three pulleys. Obviously when this belt ison the central pulley 85,l it will not operate, either of the drums:when it is on thc pulley 84. it will operate the shaft 80 and therebythe drum 63, and when it is on the pulley 86 it will operate the sleeve81 and thereby the drum 64. By this means either the drum 63 or the drum64 may be positively driven as desired, thus winding the cable (l ineither direction, as desired.

The means for shifting the belt will next be described. Mounted in theeasings 59 and 60, at the top thereof, is a transverse brace rod 87, andparallel to this rod are other brace rods 88 and 8S). brace 90 runs fromthe shaft 80-to the rod 87, and another brace. 91. connects the end ofthe rod 88 with the end of the shaft 80. Slidably mounted upon the rod88 is the fork 92 for shifting the belt, which fork is pivotall'yconnected' by a linlt 93 with a handle 94, which is pivotally mounted ona triangular support supported on the rod 88. In the position shown inFi 9 the belt is on the loose pulley 85, but 1f the handle 94 were move(to either end of the support 95, it would shift the belt either to thepulley 84 or to the pulley 86, as desired. Underneath the support 95,and made integral with it,is a downwardly projecting piece 96 atrightangles t-o the support 95, which 'carries the means for applyingthe brakes. 97 re iresents one of the brake straps, one end of which isattached to the end 98 of the part 96, and the strap then :gasses aroundone of the drums 63 or 64, the loose end of the. strap being :attachedat 99 to a bar or link 100, which link is attached to a plate 101. Thisplate is acted on by eceentrics 102 mountedv on a 'pin 103 inprojections on the part 96 and operated by a handle 104.

To prevent t e cable from knot-.kin over or injuringJhe guide pulleys, Image the coimectiou 33 between the cable and the low detachable. Thisconnection consists o two cylinders 105 and 106, each ypart having arounded projection fitting into a depression into the other cylinder, asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 13, and a sleeve 107 held in place bv a'set screw 108. This connecting part is also provided with an eye 109,which is attaehed to the chain 34. v The cable d is held in the cylinder106 b means of pins 110, which pinch the cable etweenthem.

Each of the guide pulleys, such as e, is rovided with a segmental guard111, and i the plow should approach too near the"guide pulleys the part33 wouldbe caught between the pulley and its guard, and the two partscomposing the devices 33 would be pulled apart thereby stopping theplow.

The operation is as follows z-The apparatus having been pro erlyadjusted as described, one workman lileing at the windlass, another outhe plow truck, and another at each of the pulleys e the engine isstarted. This, by means of the cable d pulls one of the plows clown, asshown for example in Fig. 3,- and as soon as it has been dravirny to thelowest possible sition ulls the truck along, plowin the eld. en thefurrow has been comp eted the operator at the wind less throws the beltonto the idle pulle and sets the brake. He then releases the brake andthrows the belt ontothe other pulley, whereupon the truck is drawn inthe reverse direction, the first part of said action not advancing theplow truck at all, but merely tally, substantially as described.

means or swinging said plow beam horizontipping the beam. The operatorshifts his position from one of the seats 18 or 19 to the other andturns theguide wheel 28 so as to bring the plow into its properposition.; When the plow is stopped, by the application of the brakeson4 the Wmdless drums, the workmenat the pulleys e and f` shift thesepulleys so as to keep the cable always in a straight line across thefield to be plowed. The operation is-then re cated indefinitely.

VVhlle I have shown on one plow at euch end of the plow beam, I o not,lrestrict myself te this arran rement, as it is obvious that a number ofp ows mi ht be mounted at each end of the beam. he arrangement shown,however, I deem preferable because it is very li ht and easil worked,requiring only a smal engine and t e truck attachment of the draftcableV renders the apparatus very eas to work.

1,'The combination of a wheeled truck, and meansfor moving the salme,with a plow beam mounted thereon, and devices for swin ing said plowbeam vertically and horizonta l substantially as described.

2. T e combination of a truck, a plow beam pivotally mounted thereon,means for adjusting said plow beam vertically, and mea-ns for swingingsaid plow beam horizon- 3. The combination of a wheeled truck, a plowbeam pivotall mounted thereon, means or ad'ustmg sai plowV beamvertically,

tally, and devices whereby a pull upon said truck will cause saidl plowbeam to tilt before the truck is moved, substantially as described.

Il. The combination of a wheeled truck, a plow beam pivotally mountedthereon, a cable for movin said truck, and connections between said cale and said truck, inclndin a bent arm, a sliding bar connected to saiarm, and connections between said bar and said beam; substantially asdescribed.

5. The combination of a. wheeled truck, a plow beam pivotally mountedthereon, a cable for operating said truck, and ,connections between saidtruck and said cable, including a bent arm, a sliding bar piovided withsto s, and connections between said stops an said beam, whereby a Apullupon said cable will first lower one end of said low beam into operativeposition for plowlng and will then move said truck, substantially asdescribed. p

6. The combination of a wheeled truck, includin a rectangular framehaving a central sha. t, a plow beam pivotally mounted on said shaft,and a. hand wheel gear for adjusting said shaft and said plow beamhorizontally, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof I have signed my nume to this specification in theIpresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FEDERICO VIOLATI-TESCARI.

Witnesses:

FREDERIC SANTI, MABTo SALvoLI.

